The CNMC has analyzed the management of packaging waste in Spain, historically operating as a monopoly, unlike other European countries. The competition is crucial for improving the sector's functionality.

Companies producing packaged goods are required to finance the collection and treatment of their waste through organizations called 'Extended Producer Responsibility Collective Systems' (SCRAPs). These organizations sign agreements and pay municipalities to organize waste collection.

The waste management process involves households separating waste into containers (yellow for plastic, cans, etc., and green for glass), with municipalities and public administrations handling collection, transportation, separation, and classification.

Regulations mandate that companies responsible for packaged goods cover the costs of waste management. SCRAPs facilitate payments to municipalities for waste collection. Ecoembes and Ecovidrio have historically been the only active organizations until new competitors were recently authorized.

The CNMC recommends reducing entry barriers for new SCRAPs, establishing efficient coordination between public and private entities, promoting transparency, preventing conflicts of interest, and fostering competition in waste allocation.