The European Commission has informed the Greek electricity provider Public Power Corporation (‘PPC') of its preliminary view that it has breached EU antitrust rules by selling electricity in the Greek wholesale market below cost, thereby excluding its main rivals.

PPC is the largest supplier of retail and wholesale electricity in Greece, in which the Greek State holds an important minority stake. Between 2013 to 2019, PPC controlled all lignite and hydro capacity as well as some of the natural gas and renewable power generation plants. It was also active in the supply of energy to retail and business consumers.

The Commission's preliminary view is that PPC held a dominant position in the interconnected Greek wholesale electricity market, which during the period concerned comprised Greek mainland as well as the Ionian and a few Aegean islands.

The Commission has preliminary concerns that, between 2013 and 2019, PPC abused its dominant position on the Greek wholesale electricity market by supplying the electricity generated by its thermal plants (i.e., lignite and gas) at prices below their variable costs (meaning those costs that increase with the volume of electricity generated by PPC).

The suspected effects of this alleged conduct on the Greek wholesale market for electricity were that independent power providers were marginalized and investment into more environmentally friendly energy sources was deterred. This could have prevented the independent power providers from expanding at the retail level, thwarting the efforts towards retail market liberalisation that was formally completed in July 2013. Therefore, PPC's conduct may have led to higher prices for Greek consumers, as well as higher emission levels of local pollution.



If the Commission's preliminary view is confirmed, this conduct would infringe Article 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (‘TFEU'), which prohibits the abuse of a dominant position.

The sending of a Statement of Objections does not prejudge the outcome of an investigation.

Background

In March 2021, the Commission opened a formal antitrust investigation to assess possible abusive behaviour by PPC in the wholesale Greek electricity sector.

Article 102 TFEU prohibits the abuse of a dominant market position, which may affect trade between Member States. The implementation of this provision is defined in  Regulation No 1/2003, which can be applied by the Commission and by the national competition authorities of EU Member States.

A Statement of Objections is a formal step in the Commission's investigations into suspected violations of EU antitrust rules. The Commission informs the parties concerned in writing of the objections raised against them. The parties can then examine the documents in the Commission's investigation file, reply in writing and request an oral hearing to present their views on the case before representatives of the Commission and national competition authorities.

If the Commission concludes, after the parties have exercised their rights of defence, that there is sufficient evidence of an infringement, it can adopt a decision prohibiting the conduct and imposing a fine of up to 10% of a company's annual worldwide turnover.

There is no legal deadline for the Commission to complete antitrust inquiries into anticompetitive conduct. The duration of an antitrust investigation depends on a number of factors, including the complexity of the case, the extent to which the companies concerned cooperate with the Commission and the exercise of the rights of defence.

For More Information

More information on the investigation will be available under the case number AT.40278 in the public case register on the Commission's competition website.

European Commission Investigates PPC for Predatory Pricing in Greek Electricity Market

The European Commission has sent a Statement of Objections to PPC, the largest electricity provider in Greece, alleging that PPC abused its dominant position in the Greek wholesale electricity market between 2013 and 2019 by selling electricity generated by its thermal plants below cost. This conduct is suspected to have marginalized independent power providers, deterred investment in eco-friendly energy sources, and potentially led to higher prices for consumers and increased pollution levels. If confirmed, this behavior would violate Article 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). The investigation, initiated in March 2021, is ongoing, and PPC faces potential fines of up to 10% of its annual turnover if found guilty.

European Commission Investigates PPC for Predatory Pricing in Greek Electricity Market

The European Commission has accused Public Power Corporation (PPC) of breaching EU antitrust rules by selling electricity below cost in the Greek wholesale market, potentially excluding competitors and hindering investment in environmentally friendly energy sources.